Language/Spanish/Grammar/Definite-and-Indefinite-Articles/cs

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ŠpanělštinaGramatikaKurz 0 až A1Určitý a neurčitý člen

Úroveň 1: Určitý a neurčitý člen[editovat | editovat zdroj]

V této lekci se naučíte používat články 'el', 'la', 'los' a 'las' ve španělštině.

Rozlišení mezi neurčitým a určitým členem[editovat | editovat zdroj]

Before we start, it's important to understand the difference between indefinite and definite articles.

Indefinite articles are used when referring to something unspecific, while definite articles are used when referring to something specific.

Indefinite articles:

  • Muž: un hombre ("a man")
  • Žena: una mujer ("a woman")
  • Ding: una cosa ("a thing")

Definite articles:

  • Muž: el hombre ("the man")
  • Žena: la mujer ("the woman")
  • Věc: la cosa ("the thing")

Použití určitého členu[editovat | editovat zdroj]

In Spanish, definite articles are used in the following contexts:

1. To refer to specific people or things: "El coche rojo" ("The red car") 2. Before titles: "El Sr. García" ("Mr. García") 3. With parts of the body: "Se golpeó la cabeza" ("She hit her head") 4. Before names of certain countries or regions: "El Perú" ("Peru") 5. In expressions of time: "El lunes" ("Monday")

Použití neurčitého členu[editovat | editovat zdroj]

In Spanish, indefinite articles are used in the following contexts:

1. To refer to unspecified quantity: "Tengo un coche" ("I have a car") 2. With professions: "Es una doctora" ("She is a doctor") 3. With nationalities: "Es un francés" ("He is a Frenchman") 4. With prices: "Cuesta dos euros" ("It costs two euros") 5. With non-specific objects: "Quiero un refresco" ("I want a soft drink")

Použití článků "Los" a "Las"[editovat | editovat zdroj]

Los and Las are the plural forms of El and La, respectively.

They are used in the same contexts as their singular counterparts:

"The red cars" = "Los coches rojos" "The women" = "Las mujeres"

Výjimky[editovat | editovat zdroj]

There are a few exceptions to the use of definite and indefinite articles:

1. With certain expressions of time: "Vamos al cine los sábados" ("We go to the cinema on Saturdays") 2. With certain expressions of quantity: "Tengo que estudiar mucho" ("I have to study a lot")

Don't forget the importance of learning grammar! It's a key part of becoming fluent in Spanish.

Úroveň 2: Test svého vědomí[editovat | editovat zdroj]

Test your knowledge with the following exercise! Translate the following sentences into Spanish, including the appropriate article:

1. The boy: ____ niño

2. A cat: ____ gato

3. The women: ____ mujeres

4. An apple: ____ manzana

5. The car: ____ coche

Španělsky Výslovnost Český překlad
el niño el ninjo chlapec
un gato un gato kočka
las mujeres las muhéres ženy
una manzana una mansana jablko
el coche el koče auto



Další lekce[editovat | editovat zdroj]


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